Some characteristics of the virus in humans.The formation of the virus.

 Viral characteristics that cause disease.

1. Structure.
Viruses, also known as superbugs, have structural characteristics, the type of replication in the host cell is different from those of intracellular parasitic bacteria. A virus is considered structurally complete when it is capable of producing the transfer of nucleic acid from one cell to another. Each virus has only one of two types of genetic material, either RNA (ribonucleic acid) or AND (deoxyribonucleic acid), without metabolic enzymes and respiratory enzymes so they are required to parasitize in other receptor cells.

The structure of the virus includes:

1.1 General structure
The two main parts are nucleic acid and capsid.
         *  Nucleic acids: Each virus has only one of two types of genetic material, eitherRNA or DNA. Nucleic acids play an important role such as: Carrying genetic information,specific to each virus, determining the virus's ability to cause infection in the receptor cell, deciding the viral multiplication cycle in the  receptor cell and being semi antigen-specific of the virus.

          * Capsid shell: It is the layer of protein that envelops the outside of nucleic acid.These proteins have the arrangement to form capsomer units. Capsid shells have the function of surrounding nucleic acids, protecting nucleic acids, they are also involved in the adhesion of viruses on the surface of the receptor cells and are resistant to viruses - > applied in the diagnosis of viruses, while keeping the viral morphology and size stable. 

                                            

                                                 The general structure of the virus that causes the disease


1.2 Characteristic structure

The characteristic structure of the virus is also known as the special structure, which is only available in certain viruses to perform the functions that characterize that virus and this is also the basis for determining the virus.

          * Viruses with outer shells and bare viruses

          * Viruses have a number of specific enzymes. 

2. Virus classification 

The virus can be classified by clinical symptoms, by form, transmission line, or by genetic material structure.

2.1 Classification by form of virus

In fact, each virus will have different body features such as fibers, spheres, complex shapes, rods, maces ...

2.2 Classification according to the arrangement of capsid and nuleic acid

It is possible to classify viruses according to the arrangement of nuleic acid and capsid because the virus is divided into 2 types of symmetry: cube symmetry and symmetry in the shape of a spiral. In the case of symmetrical viruses in the shape of spirals, nucleic acids and capsomers will be arranged along the spring shape evenly or unevenly, while in the case of cube symmetry, capsomers will be arranged into multifaceted spheres.


                                                                               Characteristic dangerous viruses

2.3. Classification by symptomatics

This is a classic classification, which has the advantage of being clinically advantageous but fundamentally inaccurate in terms of virology because in fact, a virus is also capable of causing many different diseases or a disease that can be caused by many different viruses:

            * Viruses that cause rashes: dengue fever, smallpox virus, measles, rubella ...

            * The virus causes disease in the nervous system: virus HIV, rabies virus

            * Viruses that cause diseases in the eyes:  Newcastle, Herpes, virus Adeno...

            * Viruses that cause disease in the liver: The virus causes hepatitis A, B, C, D, E...

            * Viruses that cause gastritis, intestines: Norwalk, Rota virus ...

            * Sexually transmitted viruses: HIV virus, papiloma virus, hepatitis B virus, herpes virus


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